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Saint Mary Cleophas and Her Family
Bernhard Strigel·c. 1520/1528
Historical Context
Strigel's Saint Mary Cleophas and Her Family from around 1520-28 depicts the Virgin Mary's sister — one of the women present at the Crucifixion — with her family in the Holy Kinship tradition that celebrated the extended family of Christ. The Holy Kinship (Heilige Sippe) was a popular subject in German art, depicting the Virgin with her mother Anne, her sisters, and their various husbands and children in a large family gathering that served as a devotional image celebrating family bonds. Strigel's treatment reflects his typical combination of precise figure observation with the devotional warmth appropriate to family subjects within the framework of sacred narrative.
Technical Analysis
Strigel's oil on panel shows his characteristic Swabian style with precise, linear forms, rich color, and careful attention to costumes and attributes that identify each member of the holy family group.
Provenance
Possibly O. Streber, Munich.[1] (Haskard Bank, Florence, and Charles Fairfax Murray, as agent, by 1900);[2] sold 1900 to (Thomas Agnew & Sons, Ltd., London); sold May 1900 to Rodolphe Kann [d. 1905], Paris;[3] by descent to executors of the Kann estate: Edouard Kann, Paris; Betty Schnaffer [née Kann], Frankfurt; Martin and Eleanore [née Kann] Bromberg, Hamburg; Jacob and Mathilde [née Kann] Emden, Hamburg, and Edmond and Madeline [née Kann] Bickard See, Paris.[4] (Duveen Brothers, Paris, August 1907);[5] purchased August 1907 by members of the Kann family, possibly Martin and Eleanore Bromberg, Hamburg.[6] Probably Dr. Max Emden, Switzerland, by 1939.[7] (Wildenstein & Co., New York, by 1939);[8] purchased February 1954 by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York;[9] Denver Art Museum, Colorado, 1954-1958; at the NGA from February, 1958;[10] gift 1961 to NGA. [1] Unverified, cited by Alfred Stange, _Kritisches Verzeichnis der deutschen Tafelbilder vor Dürer_. 3 vols. (Munich, 1970), 2:204, no. 899. [2] Letter of 24 January 1969, from Richard Kingzett, Thos. Agnew & Sons, Ltd., London, to Colin Eisler, in NGA curatorial files. [3] Kingzett letter of 24 January 1969 cited above. [4] Duveen stockbook in archives at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; see letter of 23 February 1987 from Guy Bauman, Department of European Paintings to John Hand in NGA curatorial files. [5] Guy Bauman letter cited above and Edward Fowles, _Memories of Duveen Brothers_ (London, 1976), 36-43. [6] Bauman letter, cited in note 4, notes that in both the stockbook and the salesbook, the paintings are listed only as having been sold to "Kann relations." [7] Wildenstein & Co. brochure in NGA Kress files lists Bromberg and Dr. Emden as previous owners. [8] Letter of 14 September 1988 from Ay-Whang Hsia, Wildenstein & Co., to John Hand, in NGA curatorial files. [9] The bill of sale (copy in NGA curatorial files, see also The Kress Collection Digital Archive, https://kress.nga.gov/Detail/objects/1873) is dated February 10, 1954, and was for a total of fourteen paintings; payments by the Foundation continued to March 1957. [10] William E. Suida, _Paintings and Sculpture of the Samuel H. Kress Collection_. (Denver, 1954), 64, no. 28; letter of 10 November 1987 to John Hand from Louise H. Kliopov, Denver Art Museum, in NGA curatorial files. Eisler 1977, 26, reversed the exhibition dates for this and the _Saint Mary Salome and Her Family_ also by Strigel.

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