The Battle between the Gods and the Giants
Joachim Antonisz. Wtewael·c. 1608
Historical Context
Joachim Antonisz. Wtewael painted The Battle between the Gods and the Giants around 1608, one of his magnificent cabinet paintings on copper that demonstrate the most extravagant phase of Northern Mannerism. Wtewael was an Utrecht painter who maintained the elaborate, colorful Mannerist style long after other Dutch painters had embraced naturalism. His small copper paintings, with their intricate compositions and brilliant color, are among the most technically accomplished of the Northern Mannerist movement.
Technical Analysis
The oil on copper provides the smooth, luminous surface ideal for Wtewael's extraordinarily detailed technique. The dynamic, swirling composition of battling gods and giants is rendered with jewel-like color and the precise, miniaturist detail that copper enables, creating a tour de force of Mannerist painting.
Provenance
Possibly Adriaan Bout, sold, The Hague, August 11, 1733, no. 108, “De Reusen tegen de Goden Strydende, heel curieus en uytvoerig Geschildert, door Uytewael, h. 6 d. br. 8 d. (the giants fighting against thegods, very rare and minutely painted by Wtewael” for 275 fl. [Gerard Hoet, Catalogus of Naamlyst van Schilderyen…, The Hague, 1752, vol. 1, p. 392]. Possibly Count van Wassenaar Obdam, sold, De Hondt, The Hague, August 19, 1750, no. 115, “De Reusen Stryd, tegen de Gooden, door Jochem Uittewaal. h. 6 d., br. 8 d. “ for 300 fl. [Hoet, vol. 2, p. 298]. Probably Willem Lormier, The Hague; sold A. Franken, The Hague, July 4, 1763, no. 206, “De Stryd der Reusen, tegen de Goden. K[uiper]. Breet 7 3/4, Hoog, 6 (the battle of giants and gods, on copper” for 115 fl. Vosmaar” [annotated sale catalogue, Art Institute of Chicago]. Probably Jan Tak, Leiden, sold, Zoeterwoude, September 5, 1781, no. 64a as a pair to Delfos, “"Een weergae werbeeldende Jupiter zittende op de Wolken met den Blixem in zijn hand, verzeld van Goden, terwijl de Reuzen op de voorgrond staande den Hemel bestormen, waarvan men 'er een meenigte in 't verschiet ziet nedertuimelen. Deeze twee stukjes zijn konstig geordonneert, fraai getekend, en zoo uitvoerig en kragtig of het Geëmailleert was, en met olijverf op koper geschildert, ieder is hoog 6, breed 7 duim." [annotated catalogue in the Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie, The Hague; this and the Lormier picture were sold with a Diana and Acteon by Wtewael of the same dimensions]. Possibly Van Leyden; sold, Paris, September 10, 1804,no. 113 [pendants of Jupiter defeating the titans and Diana and Acteon 8 x 6 pouces, but described as on panel]. Private collection, Russia, c. 1900 [Matthiesen 1985, p. 30, based on Russian newspaper used to mount picture]. Private collection, England [according to Matthiesen 1985, p. 30 and Lowenthal 1986, p. 102]; Matthiesen Fine Ltd, by 1985; sold to the Art Institute, 1986.
